1. Lessons Learned (06JUN00 1900) All people need to have ID, UN asks for a particular person {#4} Security has a number of issues...UN has NY and Geneva...military phases down and if the UN guys really get hurt the Marines will be tasked to make a recovery {#5} Close security is then phased into area security {#6} UN expects instant COMM back to the military to get clearances to go though check points {#7} Military does not know security phases 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 {#8} Security phases change based on NY direction {#9} UN has real assessment forms {#10} UN will have meetings that the military is invited to though this is not real world {#11} There are 3 UN mandates that are in place with the country {#12} Take 15 minutes out to talk issues that would happen in the real world {#13} Notice the UN is on one side of the table and the military is on the other for the most part {#14} List all the role players for the UN will be helpful {#15} Problems come when the military is asked to be cops {#16} UN relies on military for security {#17} UN & military has to come up with a mechanism to get the "deal" for port labor, warehousing, etc. {#18} If possible make the government a player in dealing for labor, warehousing, etc. {#19} Establish a working group to make decisions about port or airport {#20} Language is a critical issue...particularly the word inteligence...no inteligence officer would be part of the CMOC...the word is information vice inteligence {#21} DMT will meet most mornings and evenings pulling information together...this exercise will have one meeting with different topics {#22} Is the CMOC the interface for the request of resources {#23} UN has fundemental principles for how to do business ethically, etc. {#24} USMC asks directly...do you bribe? {#25} Issues with childern need to addressed {#26} Don't want the information brief from the "G2" but from an operations officer that has been briefed by the 2 {#27} fdgasfdgsdfg {#98} 2. The meeting after the site visit (07JUN00 1515) Refugee Issues: Sector Analysis Local Population/IDP needs COMMS Brief Break out Groups Operational Plan framework Reporting and appeal preparation {#86} UN team went on the ground and took the lead on the ground...refugee flow is critical {#28} UN agencies need assistance to get to the boarder...there seems to be no government plan to get the refugees to the camp {#29} UN angencies use the word sectors instead of J1, J2, J3 {#30} UN would like to have site map {#31} UN would like UXO marked {#32} UN would like to know what UXO was taken off the area {#33} UN would like yellow markers around the UXO areas {#34} UNICEF would like information on the refugee flow...answer...flow is going right up route 190 {#35} WFP looked at airport, port, and roads for food delivery {#36} Kahala airport can support C-130s for food and supply delivery {#37} Convoys into the current refugee location may need USMC support for grading etc. {#38} POCs for port and shipping needs to be identified {#39} Need to make arrangements for labor rates and warehousing {#40} There is a major concern relying on local sources for fuel and other such resources {#41} Mayor is interested in rates and how it could benefit in his town {#42} Mayor approved Visas for UN members {#43} Food prices and fuel prices differ from the information brief provided to the UN by the US Navy {#44} Warning order has been sent to UN HQ that HDR (MREs) may be required. {#45} Mayor said that there were trucks available for transport but was not sure if there was fule {#46} COL Nixon was queried on the number of people required to do the off load. There is an issue regarding the size of the footprint {#47} Fuel situation is localized at Green {#48} If military needs to request personal though the CINC {#49} Funding issue is coming from the state department and is required to make all the requests work {#50} Medical supplies are required for the refugees and may need airlift {#51} The UN will be looking for staff...local population will leave their current jobs and take higher paying jobs. This creates a brain drain in the local enconmy {#52} Local procudement will drive up the prices of the goods. This creates tensions with the local population {#53} Water quality needs to be assesed. At a large scale this may be difficult {#54} Daily press conferences may be required soon {#55} MEU is about 10,000 and this may not be enough so there maybe a MEF slice required {#56} Establish security then you can off load what you need {#57} Good engines will burn JP5 and that is what is on the ships {#58} May need to track which trucks are getting fuel using scanners {#59} USMC will short term supply fuel...within two weeks commercial fuel tankers will be bringing in fuel {#60} USMC has guys to off load ships but this would be short term as it is taking them away from other missions. {#61} Mayor hedges his bets on everything {#62} What happens if a USMC person got taken out? Visibility would diminish. If it happened near the refugee camp it would be a major problem. {#63} USMC multiple capabilities with the same personal {#64} There is a commerical AM radio station that the HA/DR folks can buy some time on the station to talk with the refugeess {#65} There was talk of distributing crank radio {#66} One thing that is common with refugees so that there little information being shared {#67} Need to be careful on the tracing processes because you never know who is asking for the information {#68} Distribution...UNHCR is responsible for delivering {#69} telephone banks would come from UNHCR for the refugees {#70} handing out phone cards {#71} UN suggests military stay out of a welfare environment...get a secure environment and the people will figure out how to make it work {#72} All kinds of people are coming with all kinds of skills {#73} Nature of the emergency dictates the level of support required {#74} UN groups have no money...within 10 days they put out an international appeal {#75} UN groups may get money for food but not for medical supplies...if you have no money for food do not bother giving out meds {#76} somewhere between 23 and 55 countries are currently in major emergencies. {#77} When it is a peace and security issue the UN general gets funded well. When troops are deployed the funding flows {#78} The CNN factors is huge {#79} When the military is called for HA/DR there is a square...Pentagon, UN in New York, local USMC and local UN agencies {#80} The USMC teaches the 3 block war...feed baby, work with people, last street...kill them {#81} 67% of the USMC is 22 or younger {#82} Is a skill inventory done when refugees are registered? {#83} UN answer is usually not right away...we give them a number and an address...then we may do a skills inventory {#84} Need a refugee site map plan before the next meeing {#85} UN thinks it is good to hear what the USMC is thinking and how they are structured {#87} There is much more of an international global flavor here that is benficial to the USMC {#88} The USN would like to know more about how the ship works as a planning platform {#89} USMC is a force enabler {#90} The USMC appears to offer unique HA skills within the U.S. military {#91} 3. 07JUN00 1900 Meeting 3.1 Refugee Issues: Sector Analysis Need glossary to make all terms clear. {#150} Each area of interest has separate SECTOR Prepare: EMergency Plan for potential areas of conflict Action: when turned on - becomes Operations Plan 1- Food - WFP: Food issues but not all food types - Mandated to Lead all FOOD/Security issues UNHCR - determines beneficiaries & distribution , ie. children, lactating women, pregancy Implementing Agent - usually an NGO helps action 2- Logistics Transports: warehousing, international in incountry transport Move Food & Non- Food & transport people: back home or camp to camp 3- Social Services {UNICEF is major role} - rape, anger & Violence issue: child friendly area / safe environment, psychologists, trauma ID and specific actions 4- Domestic Needs, Beds, cooking pots, utensils, tents, etc... >>> all procured 5- Health / Nutrition: often present as WHO: may be present in country but not necessarily camps WFP reviews nutritional needs and suppliments / UN Health Organization: also look after Host population also> Humanitarian efforts, Policy perspective, Security implications between locals and refugees 6- Water Sanitation: Logistical infrastructure for clean water, sanitation. Initial support may come from UNiCEF - jerry cans, chlorine tabs, etc.... Support normally comes from NGO's that specialize: OXFAM, Medicines san frontiere, Red R {Austrailian). 7- Education: Deserve basic human rights - Education is included in this and a UNICEF mandate - Often supported by UNHCR. Basic education for children, sanitation edication normally by Red Cross/Cressent. Encourages sense of normalcy / pshco-social support, pacifying influence on camps. Helps identify vacinations, nutrition, health needs. Provides focal point for gathering / family to implement health/vacination programs. Provides child protection, 8- Shelter: a-Site Planning: physical location : areas for recreation, security & Infrastructure b- engineering - how to do it c- Physically building structures: tents, building, etc... planning, purchasing, components, expectation of norrmalcy based on social norms. Border site: Temporary >>to more permanent/ longer term sites/ shelter away from conflict areas>> 50 KM 9- Income Generation: Employment, sense of belonging, DDR - De-militarization of child-soldiers 10- Environmental Protection: revitalizing the camp site to back to the original condition. Technical Agencies work with UNHCR to get background information - to help re-establish ecology. Some local reservoirs, water systems left behind to local population contral. 11- Protection: Information to refugee / Training / Capacity Building / Interchange: to advocate rights of refugees, Security: assurance to their Human Rights. Not necessarily physical security - need others like police or military that enforce 'physical' security. Statute/conventions: to agree that people can leave the country, they have access to basic human rights, they have the right to remain until the voluntarily choose to return. Asyllum to country. Registration of personnel to avoid 'stateless' factors and enable the refugees to maintain an identity. 12- Agency Operational Support - to support agencies that help assist the HA/DR operations. Supporting the local governement: Security: Organization chart to identify who is who to provide protection demining and areas marked to ID areas PI - Public Information - coordination between agencies, government sectors, train local agencies,: police, etc... Use these sectors to help plan these aea Budgets determined Exit strategy for each Agency & each Sector involved a- registration process for identification {#166} 3.1.1 Food Lead is WFP {#100} UNHCR will say you need to feed 1000 people but WFP may say we will only feed 500 {#101} UNHCR will distribute {#102} UNICEF will look at supplementary food for children {#103} 3.1.2 Logistics Transport Move people {#105} move food {#106} Move non-food {#107} 3.1.3 Social Needs provide safe areas {#112} provide consuling {#113} provide psychologists {#114} 3.1.4 Domestic Needs 3.1.5 Health/Nutrition 2100 kilo calories a day {#111} How to deal with surrounding local population at below minimal standard {#115} How will you know what standard the refugees are at in regrad to their environment? {#116} Nutritional surveys often required. {#117} UNICEF will coordinate vaccination program {#168} Local hospital can support some health needs {#169} 3.1.6 Water Sanitation Military did it first and some other NGO took it over {#119} Site selection is critical here {#120} 3.1.7 Education UNCIEF mandate but UNHCR will help if required {#122} Red Cross does work here {#123} Not a life saving activity but a mind saving activity {#124} Fundemental right of a child {#125} Family structures come back when there is education {#126} Teachers come from local population {#127} Keeps crime down {#128} 3.1.8 Shelter - Site planning, security, engineering, shelters, income generation UNHCR will often procure materials to facilitate getting them into country (customs clearance) and getting started. {#130} Rarely are tents used in camps {#131} shelters come from the refugees and the UN helps {#132} 50 km from border -- especially where conflict is at issue -- facilitates some planning. {#133} livestock separated from residential areas {#134} involve government in decisions about livestock {#135} taking livestock away can make refugees dependent on external aid {#136} cows are built up over time and will not be left behind {#137} cows are bought and sold with the UN {#138} goats and chickens travel with the refugees {#139} No animals are introduced in this exercise {#140} 3.1.9 Environmental Protection deforestation major problem in refugee areas {#142} UN will work to reforest {#143} Usually the UN is looked to provide information on how to rebuild the environment {#144} Water sources are often left with the local population {#145} 3.1.10 Protection Physical security {#147} UN has protection officers...this makes the military happy {#148} physical security is done with safe houses for battered women {#149} 1951 Convention assures right to asylum and rights once given asylum {#151} Right to stay until voluntarily return {#152} Assistance program supports protection mandate {#153} how to deal with statelessness {#154} Information critical to protection; often supported beyond UNHCR. Refugees need to be well-informed to make good decisions. {#155} Registration: What is the real definition and what is the intent, condition and implications of the registration process: Military or UN concerns and areas of interest. {#181} 3.1.11 Agency support Support governments {#157} support the mayor {#158} UN staff security {#159} 3.1.12 Security UN staff security system; clearances required... {#162} 3.1.13 Coordination Effort plan with people {#163} write a document {#164} make a budget {#165} establish an exit structure {#167} 3.2 Local Population/IDP needs UN IN-Country Team coordinates with the Refugee agencies involved - UNICEF coordination coordinates with local host government looks at local health assistance capabilities and capacities looks at local communications Nutritional and supplimentary assistance Vacination campaign Education - coordination with local schools for support / relatives & Family support Provide education equip/supplies water & Sanitation to support health centers & maintain WHO standards look at protection aspects: childrens rights, young girls, exploitation for labor Monitoring & advocacy {#170} Number of refugees have declined whilst internally displaced have increased. {#171} not have same international protection if not cross border though needs are the same. {#172} May not be allowed to leave. {#173} Do sufficient international human rights laws exist to protect IDPs??? {#174} Who is lead agency to support IDPs? Selected by country team though UN may designate. {#175} IDP - Internally Displaced Persons: Number of personnel within their own country borders. Rights/protection allocated ONLY when crossing international borders. Warfare & internal conflict & safety issues: may not be allowed to leave Whose - problem do they become... how to sort out the issue: >>>> UN Country team can determine the best place to 'protect' that population group - {#176} WFP will provide the FOOD WHO will help with Helath & Water {#177} WFP will always provide food and UNICEF will always provide children's protection, education, etc. {#178} Safe Haven or International protection / rights when we cross border>>> rescue or violation of law {#179} Complication of Issues: may start out clear cut identified incident - can quickly turn complicated and deadly {#180} 3.3 COMMS Brief 3.4 Breakout Groups 3.5 Operational Plan framework